Who is associated with the theory of Social Darwinism, which suggests that the best-adapted individuals survive?

The theory of Social Darwinism is primarily associated with Herbert Spencer, who applied the concept of natural selection to human societies. Spencer believed that social progress resulted from the survival of the fittest concept, arguing that individuals and groups who were better adapted to their environments would thrive, while those who were not would decline. This perspective suggested that societal evolution mirrors biological evolution, where competition and struggle lead to a stronger society overall.

Spencer's ideas played a significant role in shaping thoughts about social policy and governance in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, influencing views on issues such as laissez-faire economics and eugenics. His interpretation of Darwin's theories extended beyond biological contexts, embedding them into a sociological framework that emphasized individual success as reflective of societal health. As a result, his contributions are foundational in discussions around Social Darwinism, distinguishing him as a key figure in this theory.