Which sociologist is associated with the idea that social behavior cannot be fully understood without considering the social context?

Emile Durkheim is closely associated with the notion that social behavior must be understood within its social context. He emphasized that individual actions are deeply influenced by the social structures, norms, and values present in a society. Durkheim's work, particularly in studies like "Suicide," highlighted that individual decisions and behaviors cannot be viewed in isolation; instead, they must be analyzed through the larger social context, including factors such as social integration and regulation.

Durkheim’s methodological approach established the importance of studying social facts—elements of social life that shape individual actions. By focusing on how societal conditions impact individual behavior, he laid the groundwork for understanding the interplay between individual agency and social structures, making it clear that social scientists need to consider the broader social environment when examining behavior. This perspective is a cornerstone of sociology and differentiates Durkheim’s contributions in the field, illustrating why he is the correct answer to the question posed.