What is Bourdieu's concept of 'habitus'?

Bourdieu's concept of 'habitus' refers to systems of durable dispositions that are shaped by an individual’s past experiences. It embodies the idea that our social environment and experiences leave lasting impressions on our perceptions, thoughts, and actions. This concept emphasizes how social structures influence individuals and how individuals, in turn, contribute to the maintenance and transformation of those structures through their behaviors and practices.

Habitus consists of the ingrained habits, skills, and dispositions that individuals acquire through their life experiences, particularly during formative years. It is often seen as a lens through which people develop their tastes, preferences, and ways of interacting with the world around them. Bourdieu used the term to illustrate how social context and class backgrounds profoundly impact our everyday behaviors and choices—allowing for a deeper understanding of social and cultural practices that are not merely conscious decisions but are deeply embedded in our identities and interactions.

This framework is distinct from temporary lifestyle choices or habits that might change frequently, emphasizing instead the stability and durability of dispositions over time. It is also different from a framework for assessing social inequalities, as the concept of habitus serves more to explain how social inequalities are perpetuated through individual and collective practices rather than to serve as a tool for measurement or assessment.