What idea does "survival of the fittest" convey regarding societies?

The phrase "survival of the fittest," often associated with Darwinian evolution, conveys the notion that societies, akin to biological organisms, improve and adapt through conflict and struggle. This concept implies that those groups or individuals who can best adapt to their environments and societal pressures will survive and thrive, while others may perish or become marginalized.

In sociology, this perspective suggests that competition and challenges within a society can lead to social evolution, where only the most adaptable structures or behaviors endure over time. As societies face various conflicts—whether social, economic, or political—they often undergo necessary changes that can lead to improved conditions or advancements.

This idea resonates with historical examples where societal progress has often emerged from conflict, such as social movements, revolutions, or even economic competition. It emphasizes the dynamic nature of societies, asserting that they are not static but rather continually evolving through processes of struggle and adaptation.