What biological aspects are described by the term 'sex'?

The term 'sex' specifically refers to the biological and anatomical differences between individuals that are typically classified as male or female. This encompasses aspects such as chromosomes, hormone levels, reproductive systems, and secondary sexual characteristics. These biological features are the foundation upon which the social constructs of gender are built, allowing for the distinction of individuals based on their physical and physiological attributes.

In contrast, the other options are associated with broader societal and psychological contexts. For example, gender roles and expectations focus on the societal implications and behaviors expected of individuals based on their perceived sex, not the biological aspects themselves. Psychological differences pertain to the mental and emotional characteristics that can be influenced by both biology and the environment, rather than strictly biological definitions. Cultural identity involves the social and cultural frameworks individuals belong to, which can encompass a range of identities beyond the biological definitions of sex. Thus, the focus of the term 'sex' is centered around the tangible biological and anatomical characteristics.